Can Thyroid Problems Cause Miscarriage?

The thyroid gland produces hormones that are crucial for metabolism, growth and reproductive health. Adequate levels of thyroid hormone during pregnancy are particularly important for healthy development. This begs the question; can thyroid problems increase the risk of miscarriage?

The connection between thyroid and miscarriage is well documented, particularly when thyroid problems are left untreated or are poorly controlled. However, if you have a thyroid condition, it does not mean that you will miscarry.

How Does the Thyroid Affect Pregnancy?

Thyroid hormones are important for many processes important in pregnancy, including early foetal development. In early pregnancy the developing baby needs, in part, the mother’s thyroid hormones.

Two common thyroid conditions include:

Hypothyroidism: The thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone. Hyperthyroidism The thyroid produces an excess of thyroid hormone.

Can Hypothyroidism Raise the Risk of Miscarriage?

The two conditions may interfere with pregnancy if not properly managed.

Untreated or undertreated hypothyroidism has been linked to a greater risk of pregnancy complications, including miscarriage.

Hypothyroidism Symptoms People with hypothyroidism may have symptoms like feeling tired, being unusually cold, constipation, or changes in weight. Symptoms, however, may look different and resemble the normal changes of pregnancy.

Blood tests are often needed to determine if the level of thyroid hormone is abnormal.

What About Hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism may also affect pregnancy. It may increase the risk of some pregnancy complications if left uncontrolled.

Symptoms may include rapid heartbeat, anxiety, sweating, heat intolerance and unexplained weight changes. But symptoms, by themselves, don’t diagnose hyperthyroidism.

With proper medical monitoring and treatment, thyroid hormone levels can be controlled during pregnancy.

Treatment for Miscarriage and Thyroid

Yes. Detecting and treating thyroid problems prior to and throughout pregnancy can decrease the risk of complications.

Women diagnosed with thyroid disease should tell their health care professional if they are planning to become pregnant or as soon as they become pregnant. Blood tests of the thyroid may direct treatment and monitor hormone levels.

Do not begin, stop, or alter the dose of any medication without your doctor’s approval. Pregnancy can change thyroid hormone requirements and continued monitoring may be necessary.

Can You Prevent Thyroid Problems?

Some thyroid problems are not preventable. But with routine medical attention, thyroid problems can be caught early and kept in check.

If you’ve had a miscarriage and have symptoms of a thyroid disorder, it may be appropriate to consider thyroid testing with a healthcare professional. There are many causes of a miscarriage so thyroid problems should not be taken for granted as the cause.

Can You Have a Healthy Pregnancy With a Thyroid Condition?

Yes. Most people with thyroid disorders have normal pregnancies if their condition is well treated.

Medical advice, attendance to prenatal appointments, correct medication and the recommended blood tests can help to monitor thyroid health throughout pregnancy.

When should I go to the doctor?

If you are pregnant and you experience vaginal bleeding, ongoing abdominal pain, or other symptoms that concern you, be sure to contact a health care professional.

If you have very bad pain, very heavy bleeding, you faint, are very dizzy, have a fever, or do not feel well, call a doctor right away.

Conclusion

Thyroid and miscarriage go hand in hand. Thyroid problems that are uncontrolled or not well controlled can increase the risk of pregnancy. But having a thyroid condition doesn’t mean miscarriage is inevitable.

If you have a thyroid condition or are concerned about your thyroid, talk to a healthcare professional before or during pregnancy. With the right testing, monitoring and treatment a healthier pregnancy can be supported.